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Intensity of thunderstorm‐generated turbulence revealed by large‐eddy simulation
Author(s) -
Lane Todd P.,
Sharman Robert D.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1002/2014gl059299
Subject(s) - thunderstorm , turbulence , meteorology , storm , clear air turbulence , environmental science , convective storm detection , atmospheric sciences , geology , physics
Thunderstorms are characterized by turbulent processes that constitute an important aviation hazard and cause vertical transport of atmospheric constituents. Turbulence occurs within cloud and in the surrounding clear air, but, despite its importance, the characteristics of thunderstorm‐generated turbulence and its spatial distribution are poorly understood, especially outside of cloud. Here we use large‐eddy simulation to characterize turbulence generated by a canonical thunderstorm. The simulation identifies regions of notable three‐dimensional anisotropic turbulence more than 5 km above the storm, in a shallow layer above the storm's anvil, and a horizontally asymmetric pattern of weaker turbulence that extends more than 50 km horizontally away from the cloud. Our results provide the first continuous estimate of turbulence intensity in and around thunderstorms and represent a major step toward improved turbulence avoidance methods. The results have broader implications for understanding the fundamental aspects of how thunderstorms affect their environment through vertical exchange processes.