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A model of energy budgets over water, snow, and ice surfaces
Author(s) -
Wang Jingfeng,
Bras Rafael L.,
Nieves Veronica,
Deng Yi
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: atmospheres
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-8996
pISSN - 2169-897X
DOI - 10.1002/2013jd021150
Subject(s) - snow , environmental science , energy budget , atmospheric sciences , atmosphere (unit) , humidity , wind speed , surface energy , meteorology , radiative cooling , geology , thermodynamics , physics
The recently formulated maximum entropy production (MEP) model over land surfaces has been generalized to water‐snow‐ice surfaces. Analytical solutions of energy budget in terms of the partition of surface radiative fluxes into (turbulent and/or conductive) heat fluxes at the earth‐atmosphere interface are derived as functions of surface temperature (e.g., sea surface temperature). The MEP model does not require data of wind speed, air temperature‐humidity, and surface roughness. Test of the MEP model using observations from several field experiments is encouraging. Potential applications of the proposed model for understanding long‐term trends in surface heat fluxes and for closing global surface energy budget at the Earth's atmosphere are suggested.