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The regulatory roles of glycosphingolipid‐enriched lipid rafts in immune systems
Author(s) -
Nakayama Hitoshi,
Nagafuku Masakazu,
Suzuki Akemi,
Iwabuchi Kazuhisa,
Inokuchi JinIchi
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1002/1873-3468.13275
Subject(s) - lipid raft , lactosylceramide , glycosphingolipid , innate immune system , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , immune system , glycolipid , sphingolipid , biochemistry , signal transduction , immunology
Lipid rafts formed by glycosphingolipids (GSLs) on cellular membranes play important roles in innate and adaptive immunity. Lactosylceramide (LacCer) forms lipid rafts on plasma and granular membranes of human neutrophils. These LacCer‐enriched lipid rafts bind directly to pathogenic components, such as pathogenic fungi‐derived β‐glucan and Mycobacteria ‐derived lipoarabinomannan via carbohydrate‐carbohydrate interactions, and mediate innate immune responses to these pathogens. In contrast, a‐series and o‐series gangliosides form distinct rafts on CD 4 + and CD 8 + T cell subsets, respectively, contributing to the respective functions of these cells and stimulating adaptive immune responses through T cell receptors. These findings suggest that gangliosides play indispensable roles in T cell selection and activation. This Review introduces the involvement of GSL‐enriched lipid rafts in innate and adaptive immunity.