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T cell development and the physiological role of O ‐GlcNAc
Author(s) -
Abramowitz Lara K.,
Hanover John A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1002/1873-3468.13159
Subject(s) - glycosylation , intracellular , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , metabolism , immune system , cell , stem cell , cell growth , biochemistry , computational biology , genetics
O ‐GlcNAcylation is an essential post‐translational modification important for integrating metabolism with cell physiology. Using diverse model systems, studies of this evolutionarily conserved intracellular glycosylation have highlighted its role in stem cell maintenance, lineage specification, and disease. Although discovered over 30 years ago, the study of O‐ GlcNAc continues to evolve and uncover surprising roles for O‐ GlcNAc and the enzymes of O‐ GlcNAc cycling: O‐ GlcNAc transferase ( OGT ) and O‐ GlcNAcase ( OGA ). In this review, using the immune system as a model of stem cell biology and cell fate determination, we discuss how O‐ GlcNAc is at the nexus of metabolism, proliferation, and disease.