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Regulation of alternative mRNA splicing: old players and new perspectives
Author(s) -
Dvinge Heidi
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1002/1873-3468.13119
Subject(s) - spliceosome , rna splicing , alternative splicing , exonic splicing enhancer , biology , genetics , context (archaeology) , regulatory sequence , gene , computational biology , intron , epigenetics , minigene , splicing factor , regulation of gene expression , rna , messenger rna , paleontology
Nearly all human multiexon genes are subject to alternative splicing in one or more cell types. The splicing machinery therefore has to select between multiple splice sites in a context‐dependent manner, relying on sequence features in cis‐ and trans ‐acting splicing regulators that either promote or repress splice site recognition and spliceosome assembly. However, the functional coupling between multiple gene regulatory layers signifies that splicing can also be modulated by transcriptional or epigenetic characteristics. Other, less obvious, aspects of alternative splicing have come to light in recent years, often involving core components of the spliceosome previously thought to perform a basal rather than a regulatory role in splicing. Together this paints a highly dynamic picture of splicing regulation, where the final splice site choice is governed by the entire transcriptional environment of a gene and its cellular context.