Premium
Epigenetic modifications—insight into oligodendrocyte lineage progression, regeneration, and disease
Author(s) -
Gregath Alexander,
Lu Qing Richard
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1002/1873-3468.12999
Subject(s) - oligodendrocyte , biology , chromatin , epigenetics , chromatin remodeling , neuroscience , histone , myelin , reprogramming , remyelination , regeneration (biology) , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , central nervous system , cell , gene
Myelination by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system permits high‐fidelity saltatory conduction from neuronal cell bodies to axon terminals. Dysmyelinating and demyelinating disorders impair normal nervous system functions. Consequently, an understanding of oligodendrocyte differentiation that moves beyond the genetic code into the field of epigenetics is essential. Chromatin reprogramming is critical for steering stage‐specific differentiation processes during oligodendrocyte development. Fine temporal control of chromatin remodeling through ATP ‐dependent chromatin remodelers and sequential histone modifiers shapes a chromatin regulatory landscape conducive to oligodendrocyte fate specification, lineage differentiation, and maintenance of cell identity. In this Review, we will focus on the biological functions of ATP ‐dependent chromatin remodelers and histone deacetylases in myelinating oligodendrocyte development and implications for myelin regeneration in neurodegenerative diseases.