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Host–pathogen interactions of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae : from commensal to pathogen
Author(s) -
Duell Benjamin Luke,
Su YuChing,
Riesbeck Kristian
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
febs letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.593
H-Index - 257
eISSN - 1873-3468
pISSN - 0014-5793
DOI - 10.1002/1873-3468.12351
Subject(s) - haemophilus influenzae , microbiology and biotechnology , pathogen , virulence , bacterial adhesin , immunology , pasteurellaceae , bacteremia , moraxella catarrhalis , biology , otitis , antibiotics , biochemistry , genetics , gene
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae ( NTH i) is a commensal microbe often isolated from the upper and lower respiratory tract. This bacterial species can cause sinusitis, acute otitis media in preschool children, exacerbations in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as conjunctivitis and bacteremia. Since the introduction of a vaccine against H. influenzae serotype b in the 1990s, the burden of H. influenzae ‐related infections has been increasingly dominated by NTH i. Understanding the ability of NTH i to cause infection is currently an expanding area of study. NTH i is able to exert differential binding to the host tissue through the use of a broad range of adhesins. NTH i survival in the host is multifaceted, that is, using virulence factors involved in complement resistance, biofilm, modified immunoglobulin responses, and, finally, formation and utilization of host proteins as a secondary strategy of increasing the adhesive ability.