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Effects of tributyltin chloride (TBTCl) on detoxication enzymes in aquatic plants
Author(s) -
Pflugmacher Stephan,
Schwarz Silke,
Pachur Hans Joachim,
Steinberg Christian E. W.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/1522-7278(2000)15:3<225::aid-tox7>3.0.co;2-f
Subject(s) - ecotoxicology , cladophora , environmental chemistry , biology , tributyltin , ceratophyllum demersum , algae , aquatic plant , aquatic ecosystem , bioaccumulation , elodea canadensis , botany , xenobiotic , macrophyte , ecology , chemistry , biochemistry , enzyme
Due to their extensive use and their toxicity toward aquatic organisms trialkyltin compounds (R 3 SnX) are among the most problematic water contaminants. The effects of tributyltin chloride (TBTCl) on detoxication enzymes were determined in the freshwater macroalga Cladophora sp. and in the freshwater macrophytes Ceratophyllum demersum and Elodea canadensis . Effects on Cladophora sp. as a possible target organism which grows on all substrates, even on ship's hulls, were compared with two nontarget‐species C. demersum or E. canadensis . We found an uptake of TBTCl in Cladophora sp. and an enhanced metabolism of TBTCl to dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT) in the presence of the algae. Furthermore, there was an elevation of microsomal and soluble glutathione S ‐transferase activity and an inhibition of cytochrome P‐450 (ethoxyresorufin O ‐deethylase) activity in all investigated plants in a dose‐dependent manner indicating a significant interaction of TBTCl with nontarget organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Environ Toxicol 15: 225–233, 2000