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Phylogenetic conservation of the molecular and immunological properties of the chaperones gp96 and hsp70
Author(s) -
Robert Jacques,
Ménoret Antoine,
Basu Sreyashi,
Cohen Nicholas,
Srivastava Pramod K.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
european journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.272
H-Index - 201
eISSN - 1521-4141
pISSN - 0014-2980
DOI - 10.1002/1521-4141(200101)31:1<186::aid-immu186>3.0.co;2-d
Subject(s) - biology , xenopus , heat shock protein , chaperone (clinical) , hsp70 , immune system , microbiology and biotechnology , major histocompatibility complex , cd8 , antigen , acquired immune system , immunity , immunology , genetics , gene , medicine , pathology
Abstract The heat shock proteins (HSP) gp96 and hsp70 have been shown to have a critical role in eliciting adaptive immune responses to cancers and viruses. This role derives from (i) their ability to chaperone antigenic peptides generated in the cells from which the HSP are isolated, and (ii) their capacity to interact with antigen presenting cells (APC) which re‐present the HSP‐chaperoned peptides in context of MHC I molecules. We have asked whether the immunological properties of HSP extend beyond the mammals to other phyla. We report here the serological, biochemical, genetic, and immunological characterization of the Xenopus gp96. Like mammalian gp96, Xenopus gp96 forms non‐covalent complexes with peptides. Immunization with gp96 and hsp70 purified from Xenopus tumors, elicits potent and specific anti‐tumor immunity, which is dependent on their ability to chaperone peptides in vivo . An immunogenic peptide chaperoned by the Xenopus gp96 can be processed and presented by mouse APC, to antigen‐specific CD8 + T cells of mice. The remarkable conservation of these essential immunological properties of gp96 and hsp70 between amphibians and mammals suggests the importance of HSP in the evolution of the vertebrate immune system.