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Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Kammler H. K.,
Mädler L.,
Pratsinis S. E.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
chemical engineering and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.403
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1521-4125
pISSN - 0930-7516
DOI - 10.1002/1521-4125(200106)24:6<583::aid-ceat583>3.0.co;2-h
Subject(s) - nanoparticle , pyrolysis , materials science , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , chemical engineering , particle (ecology) , mixing (physics) , nanotechnology , engineering , oceanography , physics , quantum mechanics , geology
An overview of recent advances in the synthesis of nanoparticles by flame aerosol processes is given. In flame processes with gaseous precursors emphasis is placed on reactant mixing and composition, additives, and external electric fields for control of product characteristics. Thermophoretic sampling can monitor the formation and growth of nanoparticles, while the corresponding temperature history can be obtained by non‐intrusive Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, synthesis of composite nanoparticles for various applications is addressed such as in reinforcement or catalysis as well as for scale‐up from 1 to 700 g/h of silica‐carbon nanostructured particles. In flame processes with liquid precursors using the so‐called flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), emphasis is placed on reactant and fuel composition. The FSP processes are quite attractive as they can employ a wide array of precursors, so a broad spectrum of new nanosized powders can be synthesized. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in combination with gas‐phase particle formation models offer unique possibilities for improvement and possible new designs for flame reactors.