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Decreasing the Specific Heating Steam Consumption of the Nitric Acid Concentration Process by Energy Optimization
Author(s) -
Dorstewitz F.,
Sassenberg M.,
Dichtl G.,
Pilhofer T.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
chemical engineering and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.403
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1521-4125
pISSN - 0930-7516
DOI - 10.1002/1521-4125(200104)24:4<343::aid-ceat343>3.0.co;2-c
Subject(s) - nitric acid , sulfuric acid , nitration , chemistry , process (computing) , nitric oxide , energy consumption , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , operating system , ecology , biology , computer science
High‐strength nitric acid at a concentration above 98 wt.‐% HNO 3 is used in many chemical processes, especially in organic nitration. Nitric acid, manufactured by common processes, is generally produced at a concentration of 64 to 67 wt.‐% HNO 3 . The classical process of concentrating weak nitric acid up to high‐strength nitric acid is an extractive distillation process using sulfuric acid and live steam to cover the total energy requirements.