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Using Microelectrode Square‐Wave Voltammetry to Monitor the Progress of Complex Homogeneous Chemical Reactions
Author(s) -
Macfie Gavin,
Atherton John H.,
Compton Richard G.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/1521-4109(200204)14:7/8<479::aid-elan479>3.0.co;2-x
Subject(s) - yield (engineering) , chemistry , microelectrode , voltammetry , square wave , homogeneous , cyclic voltammetry , chemical reaction , analytical chemistry (journal) , square (algebra) , dimethylformamide , electrode , electrochemistry , materials science , voltage , chromatography , organic chemistry , thermodynamics , physics , geometry , mathematics , quantum mechanics , solvent , metallurgy
A method to monitor the progress of homogeneous chemical reactions using square‐wave voltammetry is presented. The square wave voltammogram of a single species may be approximated to a high degree of accuracy with a Gaussian peak. Overlapping voltammograms may be deconvoluted to yield the contribution of individual components to a composite signal. Square‐wave voltammograms of reacting mixtures obtained at regular time intervals may thus be resolved to yield reaction profiles showing the loss of reactant and the formation of the product and intermediates. The approach is illustrated by the reaction of 2,4‐dinitrochlorobenzene with fluoride ion in dimethylformamide containing tetrabutylammonium salts. Additionally, the utility of microelectrodes for obtaining simple quantifiable voltammetric responses from compounds whose macroelectrode responses are complicated by chemical followup steps is demonstrated.