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Estimation of Copper in Natural Water and Blood Using Anodic Stripping Differential Pulse Voltammetry over a Rotating Side Disk Electrode
Author(s) -
Prakash Rajiv,
Srivastava R. C.,
Seth P. K.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/1521-4109(200202)14:4<303::aid-elan303>3.0.co;2-t
Subject(s) - anodic stripping voltammetry , electrode , copper , analytical chemistry (journal) , voltammetry , anode , electrolyte , working electrode , chemistry , reference electrode , rotating disk electrode , stripping (fiber) , materials science , cyclic voltammetry , electrochemistry , chromatography , metallurgy , composite material
Abstract Rotating disk electrode voltammetry (RDEV) in conjunction with anodic stripping differential pulse voltammetry (ASDPV) with a special type of gold side disk electrode has been evaluated for the direct estimation of copper in natural water (i.e. river water and underground water) as well as in whole blood without any pretreatment. Copper is quantified with high reproducibility and reliability even below 5 ppb without any interference of the common ions or organic materials dissolved in the samples, i.e., natural water and blood. The voltammetric measurements were carried out using a conventional three electrodes cell (i.e., gold as working, platinum as auxiliary and Ag/AgCl as reference electrodes) and the acidified sample. The major problem due to hydrogen evolution at cathode during the deposition of copper ions specially in acidified blood sample is overcome with the help of special design of rotating side disk gold electrode. A new type of rotating side disk electrode was designed to avoid the problem of gas bubbles interference in the stripping voltammetry. The shape, position and the rotation speed of the side disk electrode were optimized as per the requirement in the mild acidic condition. A simultaneous estimation of the zinc, lead and copper is also performed in aqueous sample with KCl as supporting electrolyte. The special design of working electrode and the modified voltammetric conditions are enhanced the sensitivity and reproducibility of the copper estimation at low ppb level with negligible interference.