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Recent Advances in Hydrodynamic Modulation Voltammetry
Author(s) -
Macpherson Julie V.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/1521-4109(200009)12:13<1001::aid-elan1001>3.0.co;2-8
Subject(s) - electrode , context (archaeology) , modulation (music) , relaxation (psychology) , mass transfer , mechanics , flow (mathematics) , work (physics) , horizontal scan rate , volumetric flow rate , rotating disk electrode , materials science , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , chemical physics , cyclic voltammetry , physics , electrochemistry , acoustics , thermodynamics , chromatography , psychology , paleontology , social psychology , biology
This review considers recent developments in hydrodynamic modulation voltammetry (HMV), and places them into context with earlier work. The concept of hydrodynamically modulating the mass transport rate of species to the surface of an electrode in order to extend detection limits and increase the potential window of a given solvent, is well‐established. Much of the early work in this area, has focused on modulating the rotation speed of a rotating disk electrode or pulsing the solution flow rate through a tubular or channel electrode. Although both methodologies are well‐proven as HMV techniques, the response times and detection limits of these systems have been bound by fairly low modulation frequencies and slow diffusional and hydrodynamic relaxation times. Recent developments, have looked to remove these constraints, by either employing thin layer geometries and/or ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) in novel hydrodynamic environments. Of particular interest, are the hydrodynamically modulated radial flow microring electrode (RFMRE) and the microjet electrode (MJE), both characterized by extremely high mass transport rates, under steady flow conditions. This results in fast diffusional relaxation times, of the order of tens of microseconds, when mass transfer is modulated, enabling the employment of high modulation frequencies for analysis and reduced detection times.