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Osseointegration of Titanium Implants by Addition of Recombinant Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (rhBMP‐2)
Author(s) -
Lichtinger T. K.,
Müller R. T.,
Schürmann N.,
Oldenburg M.,
Rumpf H. M.,
Wiemann M.,
Chatzinikolaidou M.,
Jennissen H. P.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
materialwissenschaft und werkstofftechnik
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.285
H-Index - 38
eISSN - 1521-4052
pISSN - 0933-5137
DOI - 10.1002/1521-4052(200112)32:12<937::aid-mawe937>3.0.co;2-u
Subject(s) - osseointegration , titanium , implant , dentistry , bone morphogenetic protein , bone formation , bone morphogenetic protein 2 , bone healing , biomedical engineering , titanium alloy , chemistry , materials science , surgery , medicine , alloy , metallurgy , in vitro , biochemistry , gene
The osseointegration of long‐term implants is often incomplete such that gaps remain between the implant surface and the surrounding hard tissue. This study examines the effect of soluble recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 2 (rhBMP‐2) on gap healing and osseous integration. The effect of a single, intraoperative application of soluble rhBMP‐2 on the formation of new bone around titanium implants was studied. A total of 8 titanium‐alloy cylinders (Ti‐6Al‐4V) with a plasma spray coating (TPS; 400 μm thickness) were implanted into femoral condyles of mature sheep: rhBMP‐2 solution (1 μg) was pipetted into the 1 mm wide cleft around 4 implants; 4 further implants served as rhBMP‐2‐free controls. Two of these controls exhibited an additional calciumphosphate‐coating. The cleft around the implants served as testing zone to study the formation of new bone by microradiographical and histological analyses. The follow‐up periods were 4 and 9 weeks, respectively. A significant amount of new bone contacting the implants' surface was detected where rhBMP‐2‐solution had been used: In 50% a circumferential osseoinduction occurred within 4 weeks and a nearly complete osseointegration was observed after 9 weeks. In all cases bone formation was exaggerated and filled the spongiosa with compact bone. Time matched TPS‐controls and controls with calciumphosphate coating showed no notable formation of new bone. The results suggest that a single administration of soluble rhBMP‐2 into a bone cavity can augment bone formation and also osseointegration of titanium implants. Further investigations based on these findings are necessary to develop long‐term implants (e. g. joint replacements) with rhBMP‐2‐biocoating for humans.