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Influence of flame retardant additives on the processing characteristics and physical properties of ABS
Author(s) -
Seddon Richard,
Harper John F.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
macromolecular symposia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.257
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-3900
pISSN - 1022-1360
DOI - 10.1002/1521-3900(200105)169:1<109::aid-masy109>3.0.co;2-u
Subject(s) - antimony trioxide , flexural strength , fire retardant , flexural modulus , materials science , composite material , izod impact strength test , particle size , decabromodiphenyl ether , bromine , flammability , tetrabromobisphenol a , antimony , chemical engineering , engineering , metallurgy , ultimate tensile strength
Antimony trioxide (Sb 2 O 3 ) is a common additive in flame retardant formulations and a study has been made to determine the effects of adding different grades into ABS polymer either alone or with commercial brominated materials bis(Tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) or Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBA). The results consider mechanical, microscopical and flame retardant properties, and the effects of different Sb 2 O 3 grades with average particle sizes of 0.1μm, 0.52μm and 1.31μm. The Sb 2 O 3 was added at 4wt% loadings and the bromines at 20wt% loadings. Additions of different grades of antimony trioxide showed that standard grades (0.52 and 1.31μm) had a detrimental effect on impact and flexural properties when added at a 4wt% loading. The use of a new sub‐micron particle size product (0.1μm) had little effect on impact properties and only a slight detrimental effect on the flexural modulus and flexural strength when added to the ABS. Additions of either of the two brominated materials also caused a large drop in impact properties when added at 20wt% loadings. The addition of TBBA BA‐59P into ABS caused an increase in both flexural modulus and flexural strength which was contrary to expectations. When formulated with 4wt% 1.31μm Sb 2 O 3 these bromine containing compounds suffered a further reduction in impact energies. Using the 0.1μm material improved both impact and flexural properties but impact values were still below those of unfilled ABS. The addition of the 0.1μm grade resulted in improvements in fire resistance as measured by the UL‐94 properties.