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Dipolar Dye Aggregates: A Problem for Nonlinear Optics, but a Chance for Supramolecular Chemistry
Author(s) -
Würthner Frank,
Yao Sheng
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/1521-3773(20000602)39:11<1978::aid-anie1978>3.0.co;2-0
Subject(s) - merocyanine , dipole , antiparallel (mathematics) , supramolecular chemistry , chemistry , j aggregate , dimer , substituent , chemical physics , cyanine , electric field , photochemistry , computational chemistry , molecule , photochromism , stereochemistry , organic chemistry , optics , physics , quantum mechanics , magnetic field , fluorescence
Highly dipolar merocyanine dyes such as 1 form strong dimer aggregates with an antiparallel orientation of their dipole moments in solution. Substituent variations and solvent‐dependent binding studies have shown that the aggregation is driven by electrostatic dipole–dipole interactions and that the dyes are prevented from orienting in an applied electric field by the presence of the large internal field within the dipolar aggregate.