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Optimal rotation of insecticides to prevent the evolution of resistance in a structured environment
Author(s) -
Yamamura Kohji
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
population ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.819
H-Index - 59
eISSN - 1438-390X
pISSN - 1438-3896
DOI - 10.1002/1438-390x.12090
Subject(s) - biology , resistance (ecology) , insecticide resistance , toxicology , reproduction , microbiology and biotechnology , pesticide resistance , statistics , mathematics , pesticide , ecology
Several strategies have been used in insecticide resistance management to prevent the evolution of resistance, but the spatial aspects of insecticide application are crucially important among these strategies. Here, we consider a structured environment that consists of on‐farm and off‐farm fields where crops are planted periodically in on‐farm fields during cultivation periods. We define the basic reproduction rate ( R 0 ) of resistance as the expected number of offspring of a resistant individual divided by that of a susceptible individual under the condition that the proportion of resistance is extremely small; it is measured as the quantity per cycle of the cultivation period. We calculate log eR 0using realistic dose‐survival curves under a given fitness cost of resistance genes. The evolution of resistance occurs if and only if the log eR 0value is larger than 0. Then, we propose a procedure for calculating the optimal design of rotational spraying that prevents the evolution of resistance, that is, the evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) for farmers, satisfying the mortality required for managing the abundance of insects. We consider the following controllable factors in calculating the optimal design: the dose of insecticide, the number of sprays, the number of different types of insecticides and potentially, the size of on‐farm fields.