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Extraction of Santolina insularis essential oil by supercritical carbon dioxide: influence of some process parameters and biological activity
Author(s) -
Cherchi Graziella,
Deidda Delia,
Gioannis Barbara De,
Marongiu Bruno,
Pompei Raffaello,
Porcedda Silvia
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
flavour and fragrance journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.393
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1099-1026
pISSN - 0882-5734
DOI - 10.1002/1099-1026(200101/02)16:1<35::aid-ffj942>3.0.co;2-y
Subject(s) - chemistry , supercritical carbon dioxide , essential oil , separator (oil production) , supercritical fluid extraction , extraction (chemistry) , chromatography , solvent , wax , supercritical fluid , carbon dioxide , yield (engineering) , organic chemistry , thermodynamics , physics
Santolina insularis was used to obtain its essential oil by means of supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide, CO 2 . The choice of the proper value of CO 2 density is the crucial point influencing solvent power and selectivity, the main factors determining oil composition. In circuit to obtain a pure essential oil deprived of cuticular waxes, the extraction products were fractionated in two separators operated in series. A good process performance was obtained working at 90 bar and 50 °C in the extraction vessel, at 90 bar and −12 °C in the first separator and at 20 bar and 15 °C in the second separator. The extraction time proved to be another parameter that determines the composition of the essential oil extracted. Indeed, lower molecular weight and less polar compounds were more readily extracted, since the other families of compounds exhibit higher diffusion times. The oil extracted also contained small quantities of water. The water yield was measured and the possible role of water in the extraction process is discussed. A comparison with the oil obtained by hydrodistillation is also given. Finally, the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of the various extracts has been assayed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.