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Direct effects of estrogen on the vessel wall
Author(s) -
Cignarella Andrea,
Paoletti Rodolfo,
Puglisi Lina
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
medicinal research reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.868
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1098-1128
pISSN - 0198-6325
DOI - 10.1002/1098-1128(200103)21:2<171::aid-med1005>3.0.co;2-4
Subject(s) - estrogen , estrogen receptor , estrogen receptor beta , perspective (graphical) , blood vessel , receptor , subclass , medicine , pharmacology , bioinformatics , biology , computer science , immunology , antibody , cancer , artificial intelligence , breast cancer
The understanding of the biological effects of estrogen on the vessel wall has improved dramatically since the discovery of estrogen receptors (ERs). Most, but not all estrogen‐mediated effects in blood vessels are thought to be mediated by ERs. Two major ER subclasses have been characterized so far: the ERα and the more recently described ERβ. This review will primarily focus on a new perspective that highlights ERs as essential mediators of the vascular effects of estrogen. In view of the rising research interest in this area, it can be also expected that tissue‐ and ER subclass‐selective agonists and antagonists will be developed over the next few years, thus providing invaluable tools for pharmacological and clinical applications. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 21, No. 2, 171–184, 2001