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PSM‐R: Revised optimism‐pessimism scale for the MMPI‐2 and MMPI
Author(s) -
Malinchoc Michael,
Offord Kenneth P.,
Colligan Robert C.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
journal of clinical psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.124
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1097-4679
pISSN - 0021-9762
DOI - 10.1002/1097-4679(199503)51:2<205::aid-jclp2270510210>3.0.co;2-2
Subject(s) - minnesota multiphasic personality inventory , pessimism , optimism , psychology , scale (ratio) , psychometrics , reliability (semiconductor) , personality test , clinical psychology , social psychology , test validity , personality , philosophy , power (physics) , physics , epistemology , quantum mechanics
The Revised Optimism‐Pessimism (PSM‐R) scale was developed for use with either the MMPI‐2 or the MMPI. The scale measures explanatory style on a continuum from optimistic to pessimistic by using 263 MMPI items of the original 298–item Optimism‐Pessimism (PSM) scale. These 263 items are common to both the MMPI‐2 and MMPI. PSM‐R norms are based on a random sample of 1,408 normal adults who also were used for developing norms for the original PSM scale. Reliability estimates (.93 for men; 0.94 for women) indicate that the PSM‐R scale is as accurate as the original PSM scale.