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Social avoidance and distress: Its relationship to self‐confidence, and needs for affiliation, change, dominance, and deference
Author(s) -
Geist Charles R.,
Hamrick Theresa J.
Publication year - 1983
Publication title -
journal of clinical psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.124
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1097-4679
pISSN - 0021-9762
DOI - 10.1002/1097-4679(198309)39:5<727::aid-jclp2270390514>3.0.co;2-f
Subject(s) - psychology , deference , dominance (genetics) , distress , social psychology , psychological distress , developmental psychology , clinical psychology , mental health , psychiatry , biochemistry , chemistry , gene
Introductory psychology students ( N = 289) completed questionnaires to assess levels of Social Avoidance and Distress (SAD), as well as scales to measure self‐confidence (S‐Cfd), need for Affiliation (nAff), need for Change (nCha), need for Dominance (nDom), and need for Deference (nDef). As a function of SAD, significant differences were revealed on all dependent measures. Persons who exhibited higher levels of SAD had lower levels of S‐Cfd, nAff, nCha, and nDom, while they exhibited higher levels of nDef. People distressed by social interaction are likely to be less self‐confident and to exhibit lower needs for affiliation, change, and dominance, while they exhibited a stronger need to defer to others judgments and opinions.