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Multiple‐hormone gene expression in ganglioneuroblastoma with watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria syndrome
Author(s) -
Kimura Noriko,
Yamamoto Hiroshi,
Okamoto Hiroshi,
Wakasa Haruki,
Nagura Hiroshi
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/1097-0142(19930501)71:9<2841::aid-cncr2820710927>3.0.co;2-z
Subject(s) - vasoactive intestinal peptide , achlorhydria , endocrinology , medicine , in situ hybridization , hypokalemia , neuropeptide y receptor , somatostatin , galanin , neuropeptide , biology , gene expression , biochemistry , gene , receptor , stomach
Background . It has been reported that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)–producing tumors accompanied by watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria (WDHA) syndrome often produce multiple hormones biochemically and immunohistochemically. Methods . The authors examined the distribution of several peptides—VIP, peptide histidine methionine (PHM), neuropeptide Y (NPY), methionine–enkephalin (M‐EK), somatostatin (SS), substance‐P (Sub‐P), corticotropin‐releasing hormone, and tyrosine hydroxylase—with immunohistochemical studies and an in situ hybridization method in three ganglioneuroblastomas with WDHA syndrome. All patients had an extremely elevated plasma level of VIP. Results . Peptides examined immunohistochemically in the tumor were all detectable in ganglionic cells and some neurites. The coexistence of those peptides was observed with serial section staining. The presence of messenger RNA of VIP/PHM‐27, NPY, and SS was detectable in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells with the in situ hybridization. Conclusions . It was shown that multiple genes of peptides are expressed simultaneously and translated to proteins in those tumors.