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Clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer
Author(s) -
Schmidt Joseph D.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/1097-0142(19920701)70:1+<221::aid-cncr2820701308>3.0.co;2-9
Subject(s) - medicine , rectal examination , prostatism , transrectal ultrasonography , prostate cancer , prostate , radiology , cancer , magnetic resonance imaging , asymptomatic , prostate specific antigen , biopsy , urology , pathology , prostate disease
Background . The clinical diagnosis of localized prostate carcinoma in the asymptomatic male has been based on a careful digital rectal examination (DRE). Methods . The DRE, prostate specific antigen (PSA), transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), prostate needle biopsy (PNB), and other modalities are examined for their role in prostate cancer diagnosis. Results . Up to 20% of localized prostatic cancer is still diagnosed “retrospectively” on transurethral resection (TURP) for clinically benign disease and prostatism. The role of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA), flow cytometric study (FCM), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer is limited. Conclusions . Those men older than 50 years of age who have lower tract symptoms, either obstructive or irritative, or who have abnormal serum levels of PSA, regardless of DRE findings, are advised to undergo TRUS with ultrasound‐guided PNB.