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Infants with Down's syndrome. Use of cytogenetic studies and In Vitro colony assay for granulocyte progenitor to distinguish acute nonlymphocytic leukemia from a transient myeloproliferative disorder
Author(s) -
De Alarcon Pedro A.,
Patil Shivanand,
Golberg Jack,
Allen Judith B.,
Shaw Susan
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/1097-0142(19870901)60:5<987::aid-cncr2820600512>3.0.co;2-m
Subject(s) - medicine , leukocytosis , leukemia , myeloproliferative disorders , bone marrow , down syndrome , acute leukemia , pathology , clonogenic assay , myelofibrosis , immunology , cytogenetics , granulocyte , in vitro , biology , genetics , psychiatry , gene , chromosome
Infants with Down's syndrome have an increased incidence of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). They are also at risk of developing a transient myeloproliferative syndrome indistinguishable from ANLL except by its eventual clinical recovery. The authors studied five infants with Down's syndrome and leukocytosis with circulating blast forms in their peripheral blood with in vitro cultures of bone marrow colony forming units‐granulocyte macrophage (CFU‐GM), cytogenetics and peripheral blood neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) score. Three children developed ANLL, the other two had a transient myeloproliferative syndrome. The in vitro assay for CFU‐GM showed abnormal results consistent with ANLL in the children who develop this disorder. Serial cytogenetic studies disclosed the appearance of an abnormal clone in one patient. A combination of clinical parameter in vitro colony studies and cytogenetic studies in these children was helpful in distinguishing ANLL from a myeloproliferative disorder. The NAP scores were not helpful.