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Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: A distinctive meningocerebral glioma of young subjects with relatively favorable prognosis A study of 12 cases
Author(s) -
Kepes John J.,
Rubinstein Lucien J.,
Eng Lawrence F.
Publication year - 1979
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/1097-0142(197911)44:5<1839::aid-cncr2820440543>3.0.co;2-0
Subject(s) - pathology , pleomorphism (cytology) , basal lamina , glial fibrillary acidic protein , immunoperoxidase , pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma , reticular fiber , gfap stain , leptomeninges , astrocytoma , anaplasia , medicine , giant cell , glioma , mesenchymal stem cell , anatomy , biology , immunohistochemistry , ultrastructure , central nervous system , cancer research , antibody , immunology , monoclonal antibody , endocrinology
Twelve cases of a distinctive form of supratentorial astrocytoma occurring in young subjects (ages 7 to 25) are reported. The tumors were superficial and involved the leptomeninges extensively. The tumor cells display marked pleomorphism, including bizarre giant cells and a number of mitotic figures, but no necrosis. Many contain large amounts of lipid in their cytoplasm and are surrounded by reticulin fibers, thus simulating a mesenchymal tumor. For these reasons, some examples of this tumor have been previously interpreted to represent meningocerebral fibrous xanthomas. Immunoperoxidase technique performed in nine of the twelve cases has, however, established the presence of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the tumor cells, which are therefore considered to be astrocytic. By electron microscopy many tumor cells are surrounded by basal laminae, accounting for the abundant reticulin network demonstrable in silver preparations. Since subpial astrocytes are known to be partly covered by a basal lamina, it is likely that they are the cells of origin for this neoplasm. In contrast to its pleomorphic cytology, the biological behavior of this tumor appears to be relatively favorable, and long survival times (up to 25 years) have been recorded in some cases. (These tumors are distinct from intracranial fibrous xanthomas of mesenchymal derivation. Cells of the latter are negative on GFAP stain.)