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5‐azacytidine in acute leukemia
Author(s) -
Saiki J. H.,
McCredie K. B.,
Vietti T. J.,
Hewlett J. S.,
Morrison F. S.,
Costanzi J. J.,
Stuckey W. J.,
Whitecar J.,
Hoogstraten B.
Publication year - 1978
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/1097-0142(197811)42:5<2111::aid-cncr2820420505>3.0.co;2-i
Subject(s) - medicine , leukemia , acute leukemia
101 patients with acute leukemia in relapse were treated with 5‐azacytidine according to three schedules: Regimen A—300 mg/m 2 (day divided intravenously at 8 hour intervals for 5 days; Regimen B—750 mg/m 2 as a single iv pulse dose administered at 2 to 3 weeks intervals; and Regimen C—300 mg/m 2 /day by continuous infusion daily for 5 days. Twelve patients achieved a complete remission (CR) and six achieved a partial remission (PR) for an overall 18% response rate. Of 78 patients receiving an adequate trial the response rate was 23%. An average of 1.5 courses and a median of 5 weeks were necessary to achieve a response. The median duration of CR patients was 21 weeks and for PR patients it was 5 weeks. Response rates were 24% for Regimen A, 0 for Regimen B, and 1 of 8 for Regimen C. The CR rate for AML and AMML was 13%. Two of eight AMOL patients achieved a CR. Only 2 of 23 ALL patients responded, one of whom achieved a CR. Toxicity included moderate to severe nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, skin rash, and prolonged myelosuppression. 5‐azacytidine has significant activity in the acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias. Cancer 42:2111–2114, 1978.