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Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. V. Karyotypic aspects of acute leukemia
Author(s) -
Sandberg Avery A.,
Takagi Nobuo,
Sofuni Toshio,
Crosswhite Lois H.
Publication year - 1968
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/1097-0142(196811)22:6<1268::aid-cncr2820220626>3.0.co;2-r
Subject(s) - acute myeloblastic leukemia , karyotype , acute leukemia , leukemia , aneuploidy , biology , ploidy , trisomy , cancer , chromosome , genetics , immunology , pathology , medicine , gene
Abstract The chromosome constitution in marrow cells was determined in 219 cases of acute leukemia, 113 with the myeloblastic and 106 with the lymphoblastic forms. Aneuploidy was found in 50% of the cases; the remaining 50% were diploid. The karyotypes showed remarkable variability from case to case and, except for a small number of cases with group C trisomy, no consistent or characteristic chromosomal changes were found in acute leukemia. Even though minor variations may appear with time, generally the karyotypes of the leukemic cells showed considerable stability during phases of remission and relapse. Hyperdiploidy characterized the aneuploid lymphoblastic leukemia, whereas the myeloblastic cases may be accompanied by either hypoor hyperidploidy. A statistical analysis revealed that no one chromosomal subgroup can be implicated more than another in the karyotypic changes of acute leukemia. The chromosomal findings were interpreted in relation to their possible role in causation of acute leukemia; the view was advanced that the large proportion of diploid acute leukemia and the variability of the karyotypic changes indicate that the chromosomal changes were secondary to the leukemic state. The variation of the karyotypes from case to case points to the possibility that the variable genotypes of the patients are reflected in the variable aneuploidy observed in the leukemic cells.