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Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia: IV. Vectorial analysis
Author(s) -
Sandberg Avery A.,
Bross Irwin D. J.,
Takagi Nobuo,
Schmidt Mary L.
Publication year - 1968
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/1097-0142(196801)21:1<77::aid-cncr2820210112>3.0.co;2-0
Subject(s) - karyotype , biology , chromosome , cancer , leukemia , genetics , autosome , gene
A vectorial analysis of the karyotypes of human primary and metastatic cancers and aneuploid acute leukemias was performed to elucidate the evolution of chromosomal changes and their role in the genesis of neoplasia. The analysis was based upon disagreements of the karyotypes of cancer and acute leukemic cells from the normal karyotype and expressed as non‐normality indices. The vectorial analysis took into account the karyotypes of all cells examined for each case. Changes occurring in group C chromosomes are not due to fusion of autosomes from groups D and G. This contrasts with the conclusions of two recent publications in which only a karyotypic profile of each case was utilized and stresses the need for more complete and comprehensive data on chromosome in applying these to theories on the evolution of karyotypic changes in neoplasia. Cancers can be characterized often by a minimal vector but this does not prove necessarily that cloning or that an evolutionary selection of one karyotype over another is an essential event in the direct genesis of cancer.