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Effect of iron oxide on vulcanization kinetics and electrical conductance of butyl rubber composites
Author(s) -
ElTantawy Farid,
Deghaidy F S
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
polymer international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.592
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1097-0126
pISSN - 0959-8103
DOI - 10.1002/1097-0126(200011)49:11<1371::aid-pi496>3.0.co;2-0
Subject(s) - vulcanization , composite material , materials science , kinetics , natural rubber , butyl rubber , oxide , conductance , metallurgy , mathematics , physics , quantum mechanics , combinatorics
This paper investigates the effect of iron oxide concentration on the vulcanization process, electrical conductance during swelling in kerosene, and sheds some light on the possible mechanism of vulcanization kinetics. The rate and degree of crosslinking have been evaluated as a function of Fe 2 O 3 concentration. It was found that the characteristic time constant during vulcanization decreases as the Fe 2 O 3 concentration increases. The activation energy of the crosslinking reaction is calculated. An abrupt decrease in electrical conductance appears after a characteristic time of swelling. A modified model is suggested to calculate the separation distance in the conductive rubber matrix. The effect of microwave irradiation on electrical conductance and separation distance between conductive aggregate of butyl rubber (IIR) composites is also studied. Fe 2 O 3 inhibits the degradation of IIR composites and microwave irradiation enhances the texturing microstructure of rubber matrix. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry