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Introduction
Author(s) -
Madden David J.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
microscopy research and technique
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.536
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1097-0029
pISSN - 1059-910X
DOI - 10.1002/1097-0029(20001001)51:1<1::aid-jemt1>3.0.co;2-z
Subject(s) - citation , center (category theory) , library science , computer science , crystallography , chemistry
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing in India, and has become a significant public health problem. The number of people with diabetes in India currently around 65.1 million is expected to rise to 109.0 million by 2035 [1]. The deleterious effect of diabetes mellitus on the retinal, renal, cardiovascular and peripheral nervous system are widely acknowledged. Less attention has been given to the effect of diabetes on cognitive functions. Although the progress is being made, the difficulty of detecting neurocognitive dysfunctions in patients with diabetes in the clinical setting may explain in part why the field of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes has not advanced similarly to other fields dealing with hyperglycemia associated end organ damage. Evidence from the previous studies have shown that type 2 diabetes is associated with cognitive impairment [2, 3] Type 2 diabetes has been associated with decreases in psychomotor speed [4, 5] frontal lobe/executive function [5-7] verbal memory [8] processing speed [8] complex motor functioning [5] working memory [6, 7], immediate recall, delayed recall [9] verbal fluency [5, 10] visual retention [11] and attention [12]. The exact pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes is not completely understood but it is likely that hyperglycemia, vascular disease, hypoglycemia and insulin resistance play significant roles. This complication further lowers the quality of life in patients significantly and imposes enormous burden in terms of health and economic outcomes. We now have many kinds of antidiabetic medications, and each medication class has unique mechanisms of action and characteristics. To the best of our knowledge, there are no specific, well designed, clinical studies considering potential positive or negative effects of drug treatment on cognitive function in diabetic patients. The optimal level of blood glucose lowering and the best selection and combination of anti diabetic medications on cognitive performance will be explored in the present study.