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Deuterium NMR tissue perfusion measurements using the tracer uptake approach: I. optimization of methods
Author(s) -
Simpson Nicholas E.,
He Zhanquan,
Evelhoch Jeffrey L.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1522-2594(199907)42:1<42::aid-mrm8>3.0.co;2-z
Subject(s) - perfusion , tracer , sensitivity (control systems) , nuclear magnetic resonance , deuterium , biological system , nuclear medicine , data set , chemistry , physics , mathematics , statistics , medicine , nuclear physics , radiology , electronic engineering , biology , engineering
This paper considers potential problems encountered when using the Kety approach to measure perfusion in small laboratory animals with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tracer uptake methods: a) the need to measure the arterial input function (AIF) in each animal; b) sensitivity to perfusion heterogeneity; c) sensitivity to low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR); and d) influence of changes in the AIF. A method to estimate the AIF in rats is presented that derives an AIF from the time course of a tracer passing through a carotid chamber. The results of computer simulations indicate that a common AIF obtained in one set of animals can be used for perfusion estimations in another set of animals if the tracer is delivered as a dose and that optimal data analysis (fitting data vs. integration approach) is dictated by SNR and perfusion heterogeneity. Experimental strategies are suggested to minimize the effects of changes in the individual AIF that could distort perfusion estimates. Magn Reson Med 42:42–52, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.