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Estimating kinetic parameters from dynamic contrast‐enhanced t 1 ‐weighted MRI of a diffusable tracer: Standardized quantities and symbols
Author(s) -
Tofts Paul S.,
Brix Gunnar,
Buckley David L.,
Evelhoch Jeffrey L.,
Henderson Elizabeth,
Knopp Michael V.,
Larsson Henrik B.W.,
Lee TingYim,
Mayr Nina A.,
Parker Geoffrey J.M.,
Port Ruediger E.,
Taylor June,
Weisskoff Robert M.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1522-2586(199909)10:3<223::aid-jmri2>3.0.co;2-s
Subject(s) - kinetic energy , volume (thermodynamics) , nuclear magnetic resonance , permeability (electromagnetism) , constant (computer programming) , tracer , reaction rate constant , volumetric flow rate , plasma volume , magnetic resonance imaging , chemistry , nuclear medicine , kinetics , analytical chemistry (journal) , physics , thermodynamics , computer science , chromatography , nuclear physics , medicine , membrane , programming language , endocrinology , quantum mechanics , biochemistry , radiology
We describe a standard set of quantity names and symbols related to the estimation of kinetic parameters from dynamic contrast‐enhanced T 1 ‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging data, using diffusable agents such as gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd‐DTPA). These include a) the volume transfer constant K trans (min −1 ); b) the volume of extravascular extracellular space (EES) per unit volume of tissue v e (0 < v e < 1); and c) the flux rate constant between EES and plasma k ep (min −1 ). The rate constant is the ratio of the transfer constant to the EES ( k ep = K trans / v e ). Under flow‐limited conditions K trans equals the blood plasma flow per unit volume of tissue; under permeability‐limited conditions K trans equals the permeability surface area product per unit volume of tissue. We relate these quantities to previously published work from our groups; our future publications will refer to these standardized terms, and we propose that these be adopted as international standards. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 10:223–232, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.