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Rapid and coordinated switch in chemokine receptor expression during dendritic cell maturation
Author(s) -
Sallusto Federica,
Schaerli Patrick,
Loetscher Pius,
Schaniel Christoph,
Lenig Danielle,
Mackay Charles R.,
Qin Shixin,
Lanzavecchia Antonio
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
european journal of immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.272
H-Index - 201
eISSN - 1521-4141
pISSN - 0014-2980
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199809)28:09<2760::aid-immu2760>3.0.co;2-n
Subject(s) - ccr1 , c c chemokine receptor type 7 , chemokine receptor , ccl21 , cc chemokine receptors , biology , c c chemokine receptor type 6 , microbiology and biotechnology , chemokine , ccr2 , receptor , biochemistry
Abstract Dendritic cells (DC) migrate into inflamed peripheral tissues where they capture antigens and, following maturation, to lymph nodes where they stimulate T cells. To gain insight into this process we compared chemokine receptor expression in immature and mature DC. Immature DC expressed CCR1, CCR2, CCR5 and CXCR1 and responded to their respective ligands, which are chemokines produced at inflammatory sites. Following stimulation with LPS or TNF‐α maturing DC expressed high levels of CCR7 mRNA and acquired responsiveness to the CCR7 ligand EBI1 ligand chemokine (ELC), a chemokine produced in lymphoid organs. Maturation also resulted in up‐regulation of CXCR4 and down‐regulation of CXCR1 mRNA, while CCR1 and CCR5 mRNA were only marginally affected for up to 40 h. However, CCR1 and CCR5 were lost from the cell surface within 3 h, due to receptor down‐regulation mediated by chemokines produced by maturing DC. A complete down‐regulation of CCR1 and CCR5 mRNA was observed only after stimulation with CD40 ligand of DC induced to mature by LPS treatment. These different patterns of chemokine receptors are consistent with “inflammatory” and “primary response” phases of DC function.