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An Integrated Needle‐Type Biosensor for Intravascular Glucose and Lactate Monitoring
Author(s) -
Yang Qingling,
Atanasov Plamen,
Wilkins Ebtisam
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(199809)10:11<752::aid-elan752>3.0.co;2-t
Subject(s) - glucose oxidase , biosensor , glutaraldehyde , platinum , reagent , chemistry , platinum black , dithiothreitol , electrode , chromatography , biochemistry , catalysis , enzyme , organic chemistry
A needle‐type integrated biosensor has been developed for simultaneous intravascular lactate and glucose monitoring. In order to miniaturize the whole sensor and incorporate it into a hypodermic needle, the working electrode of the glucose sensor was made by electrodeposition of platinum on the needle surface followed by the electropolymerization of 1,3‐phenylenediamine as the inner layer to eliminate the interference from oxidizable physiological substances and to stabilize the platinum particles. The working electrode of lactate sensor was made from platinum wire which was fixed in the needle hollow body. Enzymes (glucose oxidase and lactate oxidase) were immobilized with glutaraldehyde as cross‐linking reagent and dithiothreitol as the stabilizer. PVC coating was used as the external diffusion control membrane. Sensor performance was evaluated in vitro and the sensor shows a sensitivity of 10 nA/mM for lactate, and 7.5 nA/mM for glucose, and a linear rang of up to 16 mM for lactate and 24 mM for glucose. Evaluation of the sensor response in blood plasma showed similar sensitivity and linear range as observed in buffer solution. Both individual sensors reacted specifically to lactate and glucose and no cross‐reactivity of significance was observed. Sensors showed a minimum change in their performance when stored in buffer solution at 4 °C for more than 3 months.