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Physico‐chemical Properties of Oil Palm Trunk Starch
Author(s) -
Mohd. Noor Mohd. Azemi,
Dos Mohd. Abdul Manan,
Islam Md. Nurul,
Mehat Normah Awang
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
starch ‐ stärke
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.62
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1521-379X
pISSN - 0038-9056
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1521-379x(199909)51:8/9<293::aid-star293>3.0.co;2-f
Subject(s) - starch , differential scanning calorimetry , swelling , elaeis guineensis , scanning electron microscope , shear thinning , granule (geology) , materials science , amylose , solubility , chemistry , rheology , sodium , food science , botany , palm oil , composite material , organic chemistry , biology , physics , thermodynamics
Physicochemical properties of the starch extracted from oil palm trunk ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq. ) were investigated. The extraction of starch was achieved by using an aqueous solution containing 0.5 % sodium metabisulphite. Moisture content protein, lipid, ash and total amylose content were found to be 11.8, 0.9, 0.3, 1.03 and 19.5 %, respectively. Measurement of starch granule size with a Coulter Counter revealed a bimodal distribution, with an average of 14.5 μm. Further studies on cross‐section of oil palm trunk indicated that the starch granules were located intracellular. Examination of starch granules under a Scanning Electron Microscope exhibited both an oval and an elliptical shape with a truncated end. An X‐ray diffraction investigation of this starch exhibited an A‐type X‐ray pattern. Percentage of swelling power and solubility determined at 90°C were found to be 33.1 and 30.8, respectively. Gelatinisation temperature obtained by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) ranged from 52.4°C to 72.1°C, with a peak melting temperature of 62.9°C. The flow behaviour characteristics of oil palm trunk starch is pseudoplastic and viscosity depends on starch concentration, temperature and shear rate.