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Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐ γ , leptin and tumor necrosis factor‐ α mRNA expression during very low calorie diet in subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese women
Author(s) -
Bastard JeanPhilippe,
Hainque Bernard,
Dusserre Eric,
Bruckert Eric,
Robin Danielle,
Vallier Paulette,
Perche Stéphanie,
Robin Pierre,
Turpin Gérard,
Jardel Claude,
Laville Martine,
Forest Claude,
Vidal Hubert
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.307
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1520-7560
pISSN - 1520-7552
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1520-7560(199903/04)15:2<92::aid-dmrr21>3.0.co;2-4
Subject(s) - leptin , adipose tissue , endocrinology , medicine , adipocyte , fgf21 , insulin , weight loss , biology , obesity , receptor , fibroblast growth factor
Background PPAR γ , leptin and TNF α are three major factors that play a key role in influencing adipocyte differentiation and both adipose tissue function and metabolism. However, the regulation of these three genes during a dynamic period of weight loss is unknown. We therefore investigated the concomitant regulation of the mRNA expression of PPAR γ , leptin and TNF α in adipose tissue during a 21‐day very low calorie diet (VLCD) in 12 non‐diabetic obese women. Methods The mRNA levels of PPAR γ , leptin and TNF α were quantified by quantitative RT‐competitive PCR in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue before and during VLCD (940 kcal/day). Results VLCD induced weight loss (∼6 kg) and improved insulin sensitivity. Simultaneously, VLCD induced the reduction in the adipose tissue mRNA abundances of PPAR γ (−13%, p <0.05) and of leptin (−58%, p <0.005), whereas TNF α mRNA levels increased (+78%, p <0.005). PPAR γ and leptin mRNA levels were correlated before ( r =0.778, p <0.01) and after VLCD ( r =0.797, p <0.01). Serum HDL‐cholesterol concentrations were positively associated with PPAR γ ( r =0.696, p <0.03) and leptin ( r =0.806, p <0.01) mRNA levels. Conclusions The increase in TNF α mRNA levels suggested that a local increased expression of this cytokine in adipose tissue might play a role in the control of the fat mass during weight loss. PPAR γ and leptin mRNA levels were positively associated both before and after VLCD, suggesting that common regulatory mechanism(s) might control their expression. More strikingly, we found strong positive correlations between circulating HDL‐cholesterol and both PPAR γ and leptin mRNA levels, suggesting the existence of physiological links between circulating lipoprotein metabolism and adipose tissue function. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.