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Nocturia in adults: Etiology and classification
Author(s) -
Weiss Jeffrey P.,
Blaivas Jerry G.,
Stember Doron S.,
Brooks Maria M.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
neurourology and urodynamics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.918
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1520-6777
pISSN - 0733-2467
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1520-6777(1998)17:5<467::aid-nau2>3.0.co;2-b
Subject(s) - nocturia , medicine , etiology , pathology , alternative medicine
Nocturia is one of the most bothersome of all urologic symptoms, yet even a rudimentary classification does not exist. We herein propose a classification system of nocturia based on a retrospective study. The records of 200 consecutive patients with nocturia were reviewed. Evaluation included history, micturition diary (including day, night, and 24‐hr voided volume), postvoid residual urine (PVR), and videourodynamic study (VUDS). Functional bladder capacity (FBC) was determined to be the largest voided volume in a 24‐hr period. The etiology of nocturia was thus classified into one of three groups: nocturnal polyuria ([NP] in which voided urine volume during the hours of sleep exceeds 35% of the 24‐hr output), nocturnal detrusor overactivity ([NDO] defined as nocturia attributable to diminished bladder capacity during the hours of sleep), and mixed (NP + NDO); polyuria (24‐hr urine output >2,500 cc) was classified separately. There were 129 women and 65 men ranging in age from 17 to 94 years (x = 59). Overall 13 (7%) had NP, 111 (57%) NDO, and 70 (36%) had a mixed etiology of their nocturia (both NP and NDO). Forty‐five (23%) also had polyuria. These data confirm that the etiology of nocturia is multifactorial and in many instances unrelated to the underlying urologic condition. Nocturnal overproduction of urine is a significant component of nocturia in 43% of patients, most of whom will also have NDO. We believe that treatment should be directed at both conditions. Neurourol. Urodynam. 17:467–472, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.