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Supercritical fluid extraction of oil and triterpenoids from Neem seeds
Author(s) -
Johnson Shaun,
Morgan E. David
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
phytochemical analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1099-1565
pISSN - 0958-0344
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1099-1565(199709/10)8:5<228::aid-pca367>3.0.co;2-c
Subject(s) - chemistry , azadirachtin , supercritical carbon dioxide , methanol , extraction (chemistry) , supercritical fluid extraction , carbon dioxide , chromatography , supercritical fluid , triterpenoid , organic chemistry , stereochemistry , pesticide , agronomy , biology
The selective extraction of nimbin, salannin, azadirachtin and oil from Neem seeds, using supercritical carbon dioxide and supercritical carbon dioxide:methanol, has been investigated using various conditions. Extraction for 30 min with 100% carbon dioxide using a capillary restrictor to maintain the critical pressure removed only small amounts of oil and triterpenoids. Slightly higher levels of oil and triterpenoids were removed when a backpressure regulator was used. Over a 150 min period, in 30 min intervals, 100% carbon dioxide extracted all the nimbin and salannin from the seeds, whilst leaving some azadirachtin behind. Using carbon dioxide:methanol, no conditions were found which would allow the selective extraction of azadirachtin. However, the highest pressures (34.4 MPa) and percentages of methanol (20%) removed the most azadirachtin in this experiment. An optimum was observed for extracting nimbin and salannin at 20.6 MPa and 6% methanol. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.