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Methane emission from Indonesian rice fields with special references to the effects of yearly and seasonal variations, rice variety, soil type and water management
Author(s) -
Lumbanraja Jamalam,
Nugroho Sutopo Ghani,
Niswati Ainin,
Ardjasa Wayan Sabe,
Subadiyasa Netera,
Arya Nyoman,
Haraguchi Hiroki,
Kimura Makoto
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
hydrological processes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.222
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1099-1085
pISSN - 0885-6087
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(19981030)12:13/14<2057::aid-hyp719>3.0.co;2-l
Subject(s) - paddy field , agronomy , fertilizer , environmental science , ultisol , wet season , dry season , soil water , straw , methane , biology , soil science , ecology
Total amounts of CH 4 emission from a Sumatra rice field were in the ranges 29·5–48·2 and 43·0–64·6 g CH 4 m −2 season −1 for the plots with chemical fertilizer (CF‐plot) and those with rice straw application (RS‐plot), respectively. Nearly the same amounts of CH 4 were emitted in the first and second half of the growth period, irrespective of rice straw application. The increase in the amounts of CH 4 emission by rice straw application were from 1·3 to 1·6 times. There was no significant difference in the mean CH 4 emission rates between rainy and dry seasons. Rain‐fed conditions decreased the CH 4 emission by 27–37% compared with continuously flooded conditions. Total amounts of CH 4 emission from a rice field growing eight popular modern rice varieties in Indonesia were in the ranges 32·6–41·7 and 51·3–64·6 g CH 4 m −2 season −1 for CF‐ and RS‐plots, respectively. Total amounts of CH 4 emission from four Sumatra rice fields with different soil types (a Typic Paleudult, a Typic Sulfaquent, a Typic Tropohumult and a Typic Tropopsament) were in the range 22·1 (a Typic Sulfaquent) to 53·4 (a Typic Tropohumult) g CH 4 m −2 season −1 for CF‐plots and from 26·7 (a Typic Sulfaquent) to 72·2 (a Typic Tropohumult) g CH 4 m −2 season −1 for RS‐plots. CH 4 emission rates from Bali rice fields with soils of volcanic ash origin were very low; 3·5–7·7 and 5·3–14·3 g CH 4 m −2 season −1 for CF‐ and RS‐plots, respectively. Respective rice fields showed the specific productivity of grain production, and CH 4 emission rates for 1 kg grain production were scattered widely from 8–11 and 11·24 g CH 4 kg −1 grain for rice fields of volcanic ash origin to 83 and 121 g CH 4 kg −1 grain for a Sumatra rice field for CF‐ and RS‐plots, respectively. Water management was also an important factor in decreasing the CH 4 emission rate. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.