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Variation in the essential oil composition of Artemisia annua L. of different origin cultivated in Finland
Author(s) -
Holm Y.,
Laakso I.,
Hiltunen R.,
Galambosi B.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
flavour and fragrance journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.393
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1099-1026
pISSN - 0882-5734
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1099-1026(199707)12:4<241::aid-ffj641>3.0.co;2-z
Subject(s) - camphene , camphor , essential oil , chemistry , artemisia annua , asteraceae , botany , composition (language) , sesquiterpene , pinene , horticulture , food science , organic chemistry , biology , linguistics , philosophy , artemisinin , malaria , immunology , plasmodium falciparum
Seven batches of seeds of Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) of different origin were grown in Finland. The leaf essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in yields of 0.4–0.9% (v/w). About 30 compounds were identified and 19 key compounds, representing 87–96% of the total oil, are listed. There was a large variability in the essential oil composition in plants of different seed origin. Camphor, artemisia ketone, germacrene‐D and β‐caryophyllene were detected as the major compounds. One oil had an exceptionally high content of (+)‐α‐pinene. Cluster analysis grouped the oils according to their origin, which shows that the essential oil composition is under strict genetic control. During the growing period the essential oil content and the amounts of artemisia ketone and 1,8‐cineole reached a maximum about 2 weeks before budding. Camphor reached its maximum 2–3 weeks earlier. The enantiomeric ratios of (−)‐camphene/(+)‐camphene and (−)‐α‐pinene/(+)‐α‐pinene were determined for the first time in an A. annua oil and studied during a growing period. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.