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Black sheep and expectancy violation: integrating two models of social judgment
Author(s) -
Biernat Monica,
Vescio Theresa K.,
Billings Laura S.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
european journal of social psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.609
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1099-0992
pISSN - 0046-2772
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1099-0992(199906)29:4<523::aid-ejsp944>3.0.co;2-j
Subject(s) - psychology , outgroup , expectancy theory , ingroups and outgroups , social psychology , mood , race (biology) , white (mutation) , in group favoritism , social group , developmental psychology , social identity theory , biochemistry , chemistry , botany , biology , gene
A study of race‐based ingroup and outgroup judgment demonstrates the links between two models of social judgment—the ‘black sheep’ effect (Marques, Yzerbyt & Leyens, 1988) and expectancy‐violation theory (Jussim, Coleman & Lerch, 1987). White participants had a live interaction with a Black or White partner who contributed to a team success or failure at a game. Partner judgments, perceived expectancy violation, and mood changes indicated a pattern of ingroup polarization, though the race differential was reliable only when targets performed poorly. Consistent with other research, this pattern was most striking among Whites who were highly identified with their racial group. We suggest that racial identification activates favorable within‐group judgment standards which, when violated, produce mood decrements and negative evaluations. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.