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Strategies for environmental control: A comparison between regulation and centralized control in Germany and reforms leading to decentralized control in Sweden
Author(s) -
Dobers Peter
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
business strategy and the environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.123
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1099-0836
pISSN - 0964-4733
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1099-0836(199702)6:1<34::aid-bse85>3.0.co;2-n
Subject(s) - decentralization , legislation , control (management) , environmental regulation , decentralised system , command and control , environmental policy , public economics , business , economics , environmental economics , political science , engineering , law , telecommunications , market economy , management
A theoretical framework for analysing control implementation structures and processes is discussed. The framework is applied to a comparative study of a control strategy implemented in Germany and one implemented in Sweden. The differences between these control strategies are explained. In Germany, legislation was used to combat single‐source, measurable emissions. Environmental problems that are identifiable and measurable lend themselves to such detailed legislation. However, this is not the case with newly defined environmental problems such as diffuse emissions. Thus, in Sweden, openly formulated directives were used to combat diffuse, hard‐to‐measure emissions. This illustrates the recent tendency in Swedish environmental control, which is a change from centralized control through regulation to decentralization of environmental control through reforms. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.