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Airway resistance and spirometry in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus‐type 1 infection
Author(s) -
de Martino M.,
Veneruso G.,
Gabiano C.,
Frongia G.,
Tulisso S.,
Lombardi E.,
Tovo P.A.,
Galli L.,
Vierucci A.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
pediatric pulmonology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.866
H-Index - 106
eISSN - 1099-0496
pISSN - 8755-6863
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1099-0496(199712)24:6<406::aid-ppul5>3.0.co;2-e
Subject(s) - medicine , spirometry , airway resistance , respiratory system , pediatrics , immunology , asthma
Airway resistance was measured by the interrupter technique in 54 children [aged 63.8 months (range: 9.1–131.6 months)], with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus‐type 1 (HIV‐1) infection and in a control group of 315 gender, height, and race‐matched healthy children. In addition, 14 HIV‐infected children, aged 75–131 months, had spirometry performed. Resistance was significantly higher in infected children than in controls (0.84 ± 0.3 vs 0.64 ± 0.08 kPa · l −1 · s; t = 9.991; P < 0.0001). Resistance decreased with age in controls ( r = −0.95; P < 0.001), but not in infected children ( r = −0.22; P = 0.105). Resistance did not correlate with mothers' intravenous drug addiction, perinatal data, T‐cell subset numbers, treatment, clinical course, or presence of respiratory complications. Resistance was higher ( t = 3.103; P < 0.003) in p24 antigen‐positive than in negative children. Thirty‐nine children underwent a second evaluation 12.3 months (range 11.1–14 months) after the first. Resistance was higher ( t = 3.960; P < 0.0001) at the second evaluation compared to the first. Eight of 14 children had abnormal spirometric measurements. We conclude that perinatal HIV‐1 infection is associated with increased airway resistance and often abnormal spirometry. The degree of abnormalities in resistance depends on the duration of the infection rather than on HIV‐1‐related respiratory complications. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 1997; 24:406–414. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.