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Wavelength‐dependent diffusion conditions of nickel‐indiffused LiNbO 3 optical waveguides
Author(s) -
Chang WenChing,
Sue ChaoYung,
Hou HungChing,
Hsuan MingYung
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
microwave and optical technology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.304
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1098-2760
pISSN - 0895-2477
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990905)22:5<358::aid-mop19>3.0.co;2-j
Subject(s) - wavelength , fabrication , diffusion , materials science , polarization (electrochemistry) , microwave , lithium niobate , optics , optoelectronics , chemistry , physics , telecommunications , engineering , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology , thermodynamics
The effects of the diffusion conditions on the polarization states and optical confinement of Ni:LiNbO 3 waveguides have, for the first time, been successfully investigated and proven to be informative. Accordingly, a simple rule corresponding to the wavelength‐dependent diffusion conditions for the Ni:LiNbO 3 waveguides has been proposed. It has been proven that a diffusion temperature higher than 800°C is suitable for the fabrication of Ni‐indiffused waveguides at a 1.3 μm wavelength, while a temperature around 800°C is suitable at a 0.6328 μm wavelength. Following this rule, further demonstrations have also been completed through the fabrication and measurement of Mach–Zehnder modulators at these two different wavelengths. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 22: 358–361, 1999.