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Antimutagenic activity of natural xanthophylls against aflatoxin B 1 in Salmonella typhimurium
Author(s) -
de Mejía Elvira González,
RamosGómez Minerva,
LoarcaPiña Guadalupe
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
environmental and molecular mutagenesis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1098-2280
pISSN - 0893-6692
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1997)30:3<346::aid-em14>3.0.co;2-d
Subject(s) - lutein , xanthophyll , chemistry , carotenoid , tagetes , ames test , food science , biochemistry , botany , biology , salmonella , bacteria , genetics
Carotenoids (carotenes and xanthophylls) are excellent antioxidants with antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties. They occur naturally in some foods such as carrots, red tomatoes, butter, cheese, paprika, palm oil, corn kernels, Marigold petals, annalto, and red salmon. In the present study, we used the Salmonella plate incorporation test to examine the effect of xanthophylls extracted from Aztec Marigold ( Tagetes erecta ) on the AFB 1 mutagenicity, using tester strain YG1024. The effect of lutein on the DNA‐repair system in YG1024 was investigated by a pre‐incubation test. In a dose‐response curve of AFB 1 , the mutagenic potency was 1,031 revertants/nmol. The dose of 0.5 μg AFB 1 /plate was chosen for the antimutagenicity studies. Pure lutein and xanthophylls from Aztec Marigold flower (oleoresin and xanthophyll plus) inhibited the mutagenicity of AFB 1 in a dose‐dependent manner. The pigments were more efficient at inhibiting the AFB 1 mutagenicity than pure lutein. The percentages of inhibition on AFB 1 mutagenicity were 37, 66, and 76% for lutein, oleoresin, and xanthophyll plus at the dose of 2 μg/plate, respectively. Lutein had a modest effect on the DNA‐repair system of YG1024. In spectrophotometric studies, a new absorption peak was detected at 378 nm when lutein and AFB 1 were incubated together, and lutein reacted with AFB 1 metabolites. The results suggest that the inhibitory mechanism of lutein against AFB 1 mutagenicity is most probably the result of a combination of the following events: formation of a complex between lutein and AFB 1 , direct interaction between lutein and AFB 1 metabolites, and finally that the lutein may also affect the metabolic activation of AFB 1 by S9 and the expression of AFB 1 ‐modified Salmonella DNA. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 30:346–353, 1997 © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.