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Embryonic CNS macrophages and microglia do not stem from circulating, but from extravascular precursors
Author(s) -
Kurz Haymo,
Christ Bodo
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
glia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.954
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1098-1136
pISSN - 0894-1491
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.0.co;2-v
Subject(s) - parabiosis , quail , biology , microglia , embryonic stem cell , central nervous system , macrophage , neuroglia , blood–brain barrier , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , in ovo , stem cell , embryo , pathology , neuroscience , inflammation , endocrinology , medicine , biochemistry , in vitro , gene
Invasion of mesoderm‐derived cells into the developing spinal cord and brain has been shown to produce early central nervous system (CNS) macrophage and microglia populations in avian embryos. A triplicate mode of entry has been proposed: through the endothelial wall of CNS blood vessels; from the ventricular cavities; and through the pial surface. Invasion of circulating blood cells (monocytes) has not yet been proved in embryonic CNS. This report demonstrates: 1) the use of chick‐quail blood chimeras by way of parabiosis (two embryos in one egg); 2) the use of QH1 monoclonal antibody for detection of quail cells circulating in chick blood vessels; 3) the presence of extravascular QH1‐positive cells (macrophages) in E7–10 CNS in parabiosis quail, and their absence in parabiosis chick. We conclude that avian macrophages/microglia precursors do not penetrate through the wall of embryonic CNS vessels. In combination with published results, this finding strongly supports the view that invasion of migratory macrophages from the pial surface and proliferation inside the CNS generate all microglia in avian embryos. GLIA 22:98–102, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.