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Noncariogenic intense natural sweeteners
Author(s) -
Kinghorn A. Douglas,
Kaneda Norito,
Baek NamIn,
Kennelly Edward J.,
Soejarto Djaja Doel
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
medicinal research reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.868
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1098-1128
pISSN - 0198-6325
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1098-1128(199809)18:5<347::aid-med5>3.0.co;2-t
Subject(s) - stevioside , rebaudioside a , aspartame , sweetness , sucralose , stevia rebaudiana , chemistry , thaumatin , generally recognized as safe , glycoside , saccharin , food additive , food science , sucrose , artificial sweetener , steviol , saponin , aglycone , sugar , biochemistry , biology , stereochemistry , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology , gene , endocrinology
There is a definite relationship between the dietary consumption of sucrose and the incidence of dental caries. Noncaloric sucrose substitutes for use in the sweetening of foods, beverages, and medicines may be either synthetic compounds or natural products. In the United States, four potently sweet artificial sweeteners are approved, namely, saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame potassium, and sucralose. Highly sweet plant constituents are used in Japan and some other countries, including the diterpene glycoside stevioside and the protein thaumatin. Recent progress in a research project oriented towards the discovery and evaluation of novel potentially noncariogenic sweeteners from plants has focused on substances in the sesquiterpenoid, diterpenoid, triterpenoid, steroidal saponin, and proanthocyanidin structural classes. The feasibility of using Mongolian gerbil electrophysiological and behavioral assays to monitor the sweetness of plant extracts, chromatographic fractions, and pure isolates has been investigated. An in vivo cariogenicity study on the commercially available natural sweeteners stevioside and rebaudioside A has been carried out. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 18, No. 5, 347–360, 1998.