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Bioreactor and probe system for magnetic resonance microimaging and spectroscopy of chondrocytes and neocartilage
Author(s) -
Petersen Erik,
Potter Kimberlee,
Butler John,
Fishbein Kenneth W.,
Horton Walter,
Spencer Richard G. S.,
McFarland Eric W.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
international journal of imaging systems and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.359
H-Index - 47
eISSN - 1098-1098
pISSN - 0899-9457
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1098-1098(1997)8:3<285::aid-ima6>3.0.co;2-6
Subject(s) - chondrocyte , magnetization transfer , chemistry , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , cartilage , nuclear magnetic resonance , materials science , biophysics , biomedical engineering , magnetic resonance imaging , anatomy , biology , physics , organic chemistry , medicine , radiology
We have developed a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)‐compatible hollow fiber chondrocyte bioreactor (HFBR), permitting the noninvasive study of neocartilage under conditions optimized for cell growth and matrix expression. The system was used to investigate the properties of neocartilage which developed from embryonic chick chondrocytes. Histologic studies performed 30 days after inoculation of the HFBR with chondrocytes showed cartilage growth units demarcated by stromal layers surrounding each fiber; the tissue itself was highly cellular with abundant proteoglycan content. Spin‐density, spin‐lattice, and spin‐spin relaxation and magnetization transfer contrast images revealed heterogeneous tissue with NMR properties that correlated well with histologic data. It was found that the apparent free water content of the neocartilage was greater than that seen in mature cartilage, even in regions of relatively low cell density. The bioenergetic profile of the cells in culture was monitored with 31 P‐NMR spectroscopy, and the presence of phosphocreatine was clearly demonstrated. Overall metabolic stability was confirmed between days 10 and 17 after inoculation. A significant decrease in intracellular pH with time was observed during early development of the chondrocyte system. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 8, 285–292, 1997