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Treating contaminated soil by conversion into carbonaceous adsorbents: an investigation of activation procedures
Author(s) -
Fowler Geoffrey D,
Sollars Christopher J,
Ouki Sabeha K,
Perry Roger
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
journal of chemical technology and biotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.64
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1097-4660
pISSN - 0268-2575
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4660(200002)75:2<121::aid-jctb185>3.0.co;2-7
Subject(s) - adsorption , activated carbon , phenol , environmental remediation , monolayer , environmental chemistry , contamination , aqueous solution , langmuir adsorption model , chemistry , nitrophenol , specific surface area , carbon fibers , chemical engineering , materials science , organic chemistry , catalysis , nanotechnology , ecology , composite number , engineering , composite material , biology
The well established activated carbon manufacturing process has been investigated as a novel treatment for contaminated soil from gaswork sites by converting it into a porous carbonaceous solid with adsorbent properties. Several activation methodologies were evaluated: CO 2 , air, ZnCl 2 , H 2 SO 4 , H 3 PO 4 , FeSO 4 and HNO 3 . Thermal analysis of the soil provided information regarding appropriate carbonisation and activation conditions. Bulk samples were prepared using contaminated soil samples, with ZnCl 2 being found to be the most effective agent for the process, producing an adsorbent which possessed a BET surface area of 131m 2 g −1 . The aqueous adsorption ability of the soil carbons was studied using phenol and 4‐nitrophenol as representative micropollutant organic molecules. The Langmuir monolayer capacity of the ZnCl 2 ‐activated soil was found to be 0.12 mmg −1 for phenol and 0.23 mmg −1 for 4‐nitrophenol. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry